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- make Sequence Format textbox bigger (on own line) - suppress question mark in Windows dialogs AUSPOST: more standard error messages backend: add & use z_isdigit/upper/lower() macros docs: 20-bit Unicode -> 21-bit Unicode
328 lines
12 KiB
C
328 lines
12 KiB
C
/* large.c - Handles binary manipulation of large numbers */
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/*
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libzint - the open source barcode library
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Copyright (C) 2008-2022 Robin Stuart <rstuart114@gmail.com>
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Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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are met:
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1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
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may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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without specific prior written permission.
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THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
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ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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SUCH DAMAGE.
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*/
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/* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause */
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/* `large_mul_u64()` and `large_div_u64()` are adapted from articles by F. W. Jacob
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* https://www.codeproject.com/Tips/618570/UInt-Multiplication-Squaring
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* "This article, along with any associated source code and files, is licensed under The BSD License"
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* http://www.codeproject.com/Tips/785014/UInt-Division-Modulus
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* "This article, along with any associated source code and files, is licensed under The BSD License"
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*
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* These in turn are based on Hacker's Delight (2nd Edition, 2012) by Henry S. Warren, Jr.
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* "You are free to use, copy, and distribute any of the code on this web site, whether modified by you or not."
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* https://web.archive.org/web/20190716204559/http://www.hackersdelight.org/permissions.htm
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*
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* `clz_u64()` and other bits and pieces are adapted from r128.h by Alan Hickman (fahickman)
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* https://github.com/fahickman/r128/blob/master/r128.h
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* "R128 is released into the public domain. See LICENSE for details." LICENSE is The Unlicense.
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*/
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#include <assert.h>
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#include <stdio.h>
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#ifdef _MSC_VER
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#include <malloc.h>
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#endif
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#include "common.h"
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#include "large.h"
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#define MASK32 0xFFFFFFFF
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/* Convert decimal string `s` of (at most) length `length` to 64-bit and place in 128-bit `t` */
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INTERNAL void large_load_str_u64(large_int *t, const unsigned char *s, const int length) {
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uint64_t val = 0;
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const unsigned char *const se = s + length;
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for (; s < se && z_isdigit(*s); s++) {
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val *= 10;
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val += *s - '0';
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}
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t->lo = val;
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t->hi = 0;
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}
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/* Add 128-bit `s` to 128-bit `t` */
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INTERNAL void large_add(large_int *t, const large_int *s) {
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t->lo += s->lo;
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t->hi += s->hi + (t->lo < s->lo);
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}
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/* Add 64-bit `s` to 128-bit `t` */
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INTERNAL void large_add_u64(large_int *t, const uint64_t s) {
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t->lo += s;
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if (t->lo < s) {
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t->hi++;
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}
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}
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/* Subtract 64-bit `s` from 128-bit `t` */
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INTERNAL void large_sub_u64(large_int *t, const uint64_t s) {
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uint64_t r = t->lo - s;
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if (r > t->lo) {
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t->hi--;
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}
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t->lo = r;
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}
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/* Multiply 128-bit `t` by 64-bit `s`
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* See Jacob `mult64to128()` and Warren Section 8-2
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* Note '0' denotes low 32-bits, '1' high 32-bits
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* if p00 == s0 * tlo0
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* k00 == carry of p00
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* p01 == s0 * tlo1
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* k01 == carry of (p01 + k00)
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* p10 == s1 * tlo0
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* k10 == carry of p10
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* p11 == s1 * tlo1 (unmasked, i.e. including unshifted carry if any)
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* then t->lo == (p01 + p10 + k00) << 32 + p00
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* and t->hi == p11 + k10 + k01 + thi * s
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*
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* (thi) tlo1 tlo0
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* x s1 s0
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* -------------------------
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* p00
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* k01 p01 + k00
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* p10
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* p11 + k10
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*/
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INTERNAL void large_mul_u64(large_int *t, const uint64_t s) {
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uint64_t thi = t->hi;
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uint64_t tlo0 = t->lo & MASK32;
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uint64_t tlo1 = t->lo >> 32;
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uint64_t s0 = s & MASK32;
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uint64_t s1 = s >> 32;
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uint64_t tmp = s0 * tlo0; /* p00 (unmasked) */
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uint64_t p00 = tmp & MASK32;
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uint64_t k10;
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tmp = (s1 * tlo0) + (tmp >> 32); /* (p10 + k00) (p10 unmasked) */
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k10 = tmp >> 32;
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tmp = (s0 * tlo1) + (tmp & MASK32); /* (p01 + p10 + k00) (p01 unmasked) */
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t->lo = (tmp << 32) + p00; /* (p01 + p10 + k00) << 32 + p00 (note any carry from unmasked p01 shifted out) */
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t->hi = (s1 * tlo1) + k10 + (tmp >> 32) + thi * s; /* p11 + k10 + k01 + thi * s */
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}
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/* Count leading zeroes. See Hickman `r128__clz64()` */
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static int clz_u64(uint64_t x) {
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uint64_t n = 64, y;
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y = x >> 32; if (y) { n -= 32; x = y; }
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y = x >> 16; if (y) { n -= 16; x = y; }
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y = x >> 8; if (y) { n -= 8; x = y; }
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y = x >> 4; if (y) { n -= 4; x = y; }
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y = x >> 2; if (y) { n -= 2; x = y; }
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y = x >> 1; if (y) { n -= 1; x = y; }
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return (int) (n - x);
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}
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#ifdef ZINT_TEST /* Wrapper for direct testing */
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INTERNAL int clz_u64_test(uint64_t x) {
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return clz_u64(x);
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}
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#endif
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/* Divide 128-bit dividend `t` by 64-bit divisor `v`, returning 64-bit remainder
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* See Jacob `divmod128by128/64()` and Warren Section 9–2 (divmu64.c.txt)
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* Note digits are 32-bit parts */
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INTERNAL uint64_t large_div_u64(large_int *t, uint64_t v) {
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const uint64_t b = 0x100000000; /* Number base (2**32) */
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uint64_t qhi = 0; /* High digit of returned quotient */
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uint64_t tnhi, tnlo, tnlo1, tnlo0, vn1, vn0; /* Normalized forms of (parts of) t and v */
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uint64_t rnhilo1; /* Remainder after dividing 1st 3 digits of t by v */
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uint64_t qhat1, qhat0; /* Estimated quotient digits */
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uint64_t rhat; /* Remainder of estimated quotient digit */
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uint64_t tmp;
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int norm_shift;
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/* Deal with single-digit (i.e. 32-bit) divisor here */
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if (v < b) {
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qhi = t->hi / v;
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tmp = ((t->hi - qhi * v) << 32) + (t->lo >> 32); /* k * b + tlo1 */
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qhat1 = tmp / v;
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tmp = ((tmp - qhat1 * v) << 32) + (t->lo & MASK32); /* k * b + tlo0 */
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qhat0 = tmp / v;
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t->lo = (qhat1 << 32) | qhat0;
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t->hi = qhi;
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return tmp - qhat0 * v;
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}
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/* Main algorithm requires t->hi < v */
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if (t->hi >= v) {
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qhi = t->hi / v;
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t->hi %= v;
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}
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/* Normalize by shifting v left just enough so that its high-order
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* bit is on, and shift t left the same amount. Note don't need extra
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* high-end digit for dividend as t->hi < v */
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norm_shift = clz_u64(v);
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v <<= norm_shift;
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vn1 = v >> 32;
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vn0 = v & MASK32;
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if (norm_shift > 0) {
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tnhi = (t->hi << norm_shift) | (t->lo >> (64 - norm_shift));
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tnlo = t->lo << norm_shift;
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} else {
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tnhi = t->hi;
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tnlo = t->lo;
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}
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tnlo1 = tnlo >> 32;
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tnlo0 = tnlo & MASK32;
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/* Compute qhat1 estimate */
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assert(vn1 != 0); /* Suppress clang-tidy-14 clang-analyzer-core.DivideZero */
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qhat1 = tnhi / vn1; /* Divide first digit of v into first 2 digits of t */
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rhat = tnhi % vn1;
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/* Loop until qhat1 one digit and <= (rhat * b + 3rd digit of t) / vn0 */
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for (tmp = qhat1 * vn0; qhat1 >= b || tmp > (rhat << 32) + tnlo1; tmp -= vn0) {
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--qhat1;
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rhat += vn1;
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if (rhat >= b) { /* Must check here as (rhat << 32) would overflow */
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break; /* qhat1 * vn0 < b * b (since vn0 < b) */
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}
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}
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/* Note qhat1 will be exact as have fully divided by 2-digit divisor
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* (can only be too high by 1 (and require "add back" step) if divisor at least 3 digits) */
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/* Note high digit (if any) of both tnhi and (qhat1 * v) shifted out */
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rnhilo1 = (tnhi << 32) + tnlo1 - (qhat1 * v);
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/* Compute qhat0 estimate */
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qhat0 = rnhilo1 / vn1; /* Divide first digit of v into 2-digit remains of first 3 digits of t */
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rhat = rnhilo1 % vn1;
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/* Loop until qhat0 one digit and <= (rhat * b + 4th digit of t) / vn0 */
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for (tmp = qhat0 * vn0; qhat0 >= b || tmp > (rhat << 32) + tnlo0; tmp -= vn0) {
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--qhat0;
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rhat += vn1;
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if (rhat >= b) {
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break;
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}
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}
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/* Similarly qhat0 will be exact */
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t->lo = (qhat1 << 32) | qhat0;
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t->hi = qhi;
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/* Unnormalize remainder */
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return ((rnhilo1 << 32) + tnlo0 - (qhat0 * v)) >> norm_shift;
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}
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/* Unset a bit (zero-based) */
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INTERNAL void large_unset_bit(large_int *t, const int bit) {
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if (bit < 64) {
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t->lo &= ~(((uint64_t) 1) << bit);
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} else if (bit < 128) {
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t->hi &= ~(((uint64_t) 1) << (bit - 64));
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}
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}
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/* Output large_int into an unsigned int array of size `size`, each element containing `bits` bits */
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INTERNAL void large_uint_array(const large_int *t, unsigned int *uint_array, const int size, int bits) {
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int i, j;
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uint64_t mask;
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if (bits <= 0) {
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bits = 8;
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} else if (bits > 32) {
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bits = 32;
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}
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mask = ~(((uint64_t) -1) << bits);
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for (i = 0, j = 0; i < size && j < 64; i++, j += bits) {
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uint_array[size - 1 - i] = (unsigned int) ((t->lo >> j) & mask); /* Little-endian order */
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}
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if (i < size) {
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if (j != 64) {
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j -= 64;
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/* (first j bits of t->hi) << (bits - j) | (last (bits - j) bits of t->lo) */
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uint_array[size - i] = (unsigned int) (((t->hi & ~((((uint64_t) -1) << j))) << (bits - j))
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} else {
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j = 0;
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}
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for (; i < size && j < 64; i++, j += bits) {
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uint_array[size - 1 - i] = (unsigned int) ((t->hi >> j) & mask);
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}
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if (i < size) {
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memset(uint_array, 0, sizeof(unsigned int) * (size - i));
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}
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}
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}
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/* As `large_uint_array()` above, except output to unsigned char array */
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INTERNAL void large_uchar_array(const large_int *t, unsigned char *uchar_array, const int size, int bits) {
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int i;
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#ifndef _MSC_VER
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unsigned int uint_array[size ? size : 1]; /* Avoid run-time warning if size is 0 */
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#else
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unsigned int *uint_array = (unsigned int *) _alloca(sizeof(unsigned int) * (size ? size : 1));
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#endif
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large_uint_array(t, uint_array, size, bits);
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for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
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uchar_array[i] = (unsigned char) uint_array[i];
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}
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}
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/* Format large_int into buffer, which should be at least 35 chars in size */
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INTERNAL char *large_dump(const large_int *t, char *buf) {
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unsigned int tlo1 = (unsigned int) (large_lo(t) >> 32);
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unsigned int tlo0 = (unsigned int) (large_lo(t) & MASK32);
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unsigned int thi1 = (unsigned int) (large_hi(t) >> 32);
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unsigned int thi0 = (unsigned int) (large_hi(t) & MASK32);
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if (thi1) {
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sprintf(buf, "0x%X%08X%08X%08X", thi1, thi0, tlo1, tlo0);
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} else if (thi0) {
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sprintf(buf, "0x%X%08X%08X", thi0, tlo1, tlo0);
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} else if (tlo1) {
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sprintf(buf, "0x%X%08X", tlo1, tlo0);
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} else {
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sprintf(buf, "0x%X", tlo0);
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}
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return buf;
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}
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/* Output formatted large_int to stdout */
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INTERNAL void large_print(const large_int *t) {
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char buf[35]; /* 2 (0x) + 32 (hex) + 1 */
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puts(large_dump(t, buf));
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}
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/* vim: set ts=4 sw=4 et : */
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